Runic Alphabet (Elder Futhark) Chart & Quiz
Flashcard quiz
Score 0/0 · Streak 0 · Best 0
Which rune is this?
Elder Futhark reference chart
All 24 runes of the Elder Futhark, grouped into the three aettir (families) of eight, with each rune's glyph, name, phonetic value, and a short interest label (e.g. ᚠ Fehu — f · Wealth).
Freyr's Aett
- ᚠFehu · fWealth
- ᚢUruz · uStrength
- ᚦThurisaz · þConflict
- ᚨAnsuz · aWisdom
- ᚱRaidho · rJourney
- ᚲKenaz · kInsight
- ᚷGebo · gGift
- ᚹWunjo · wJoy
Heimdall's Aett
- ᚺHagalaz · hDisruption
- ᚾNauthiz · nNeed
- ᛁIsa · iStillness
- ᛃJera · jHarvest
- ᛇEihwaz · ïEndurance
- ᛈPerthro · pMystery
- ᛉAlgiz · zProtection
- ᛊSowilo · sSuccess
Tyr's Aett
- ᛏTiwaz · tVictory
- ᛒBerkano · bGrowth
- ᛖEhwaz · eMovement
- ᛗMannaz · mHumanity
- ᛚLaguz · lFlow
- ᛜIngwaz · ŋFertility
- ᛞDagaz · dBreakthrough
- ᛟOthala · oHeritage
Learn the runic alphabet
The Elder Futhark is the oldest runic alphabet, used across Germanic Europe from roughly the 2nd to 8th centuries. Its 24 runes are traditionally grouped into three aettir of eight, from Fehu (wealth) to Othala (heritage). This page pairs a full reference chart with a self-scoring flashcard quiz so you can drill rune recognition — useful for students of Norse and Germanic history, writers, and anyone learning to read runes.
How the quiz works
Each round shows one Elder Futhark rune and four possible names. Pick the name you think matches; the quiz marks it right or wrong, reveals the correct answer, and keeps a running score, current streak, and best streak for the session. Press Next rune for a new card or Reset score to start over. Every rune and answer choice is selected with the Web Crypto API, entirely in your browser.
When to use it
Use this quiz to memorize the runes and their names, study the Elder Futhark for a history or linguistics course, review before an exam, or just test yourself. The short meaning beside each rune is a brief interest label from the divinatory tradition, not part of the quiz. For a single random rune instead of a quiz, try the Random Rune generator.